1500 – 1599 – Page 8

Word of the Day: DUPLE

Note: the obsolete adjective definition is a general sense.
In mathematics, it is applied to the proportion of two quantities one of which is double of the other;
in music, it is applied to ‘time’ or rhythm having two beats in the bar.

ETYMOLOGY
Adj. and n.: from Latin duplus (double), from duo (two) + -plus, from root ple- (to fill);
Vb.: from Latin duplare (to double), from dupl-us (duple)

EXAMPLE (for vb.)
“… She mixd of Quick-silver a deadly weight,
That dupled force his murder hasten might.
Then while those baneful pots betwixt them strov,
The helpful swaying the hurtfuls bane out drov. …”

From: Enchiridium epigrammatum Latino-Anglicum:
An epitome of essais,
Englished out of Latin by Robert Vilvain, 1654

Word of the Day: TENEBROUS

ETYMOLOGY
from Old French tenebrus, modern French tenebreux, Provencal tenebros,
Spanish, Italian tenebroso, from Latin tenebrosus (dark, gloomy)

EXAMPLE
“… The name of thys lady was callyd Prescience.
She neuer left Vyce, ne noon that wold hym folow,
Tyll they wer commyttyd by the diuine sentence
All to peyne perpetuell and infynyte sorow.
Ryghtwysnes went to see that no man shuld hem borow.
Thus all entretyd sharpely were they, tyll Cerberus
Had hem beshut withyn hys gates tenebrus. …”

From: The Assembly of Gods:
or, The Accord of Reason and Sensuality in the Fear of Death
By John Lydgate, c1420

PRONUNCIATION
TEN-uh-bruhss

Word of the Day: PERICULOUS

ETYMOLOGY
from Latin periculosus (dangerous, full of danger), from periculum (danger, peril) + –osus (-ous)

EXAMPLE
“… That Saturn the enemy of life, comes almost every seventh year, unto the quadrate or malevolent place; that as the Moon about every seventh day arriveth unto a contrary sign, so Saturn, which remaineth about as many years, as the Moon doth daies in one sign, and holdeth the same consideration in years as the Moon in daies; doth cause these periculous periods. Which together with other Planets, and profection of the Horoscope, unto the seventh house, or opposite signs every seventh year; oppresseth living natures, and causeth observable mutations, in the state of sublunary things. …”

From: Pseudodoxia Epidemica,
Or, Enquiries Into Very Many Received Tenents, and Commonly Presumed Truths.
By Thomas Brown, 1650
Chapter XII Of the great Climacterical year, that is, Sixty three.

PRONUNCIATION
puh-RICK-yuh-luhss

Word of the Day: BUNGERLY

ETYMOLOGY
? from bunger (? for bungler) + -ly

EXAMPLE (for adj.)
“… I saw her conferring with no worseman then Master Snagge. The bungerliest vearses they were that euer were scande, beeing most of them bought and cut off by the knees out of Virgill, and other Authors. …”

From: Haue vvith you to Saffron-vvalden. Or, Gabriell Harueys hunt is vp.
By Thomas Nashe, 1596

Word of the Day: VIRIPOTENT

ETYMOLOGY
adj. 1: from Latin viripotent-, viripotens, from vir (man, husband) + potens (able)
adj. 2: from Latin viripotent-, viripotens, from vires (strength)

EXAMPLE
“… The king thus hauing vanquished and ouercome the Welshmen, placed garisons in sundrie townes & castels, where he thought most necessarie, and then returned to London with great triumph. Thither shortlie after came ambassadours from the emperour, requiring the kings daughter affianced (as before you haue heard) vnto him, and (being now viripotent or mariable) desired that she might be deliuered vnto them. …”

From: The first and second volumes of Chronicles. [vol. 3 (i.e. The Third Volume of Chronicles)] comprising 1 The description and historie of England, 2 The description and historie of Ireland, 3 The description and historie of Scotland:
First collected and published by Raphaell Holinshed, William Harrison, and others: now newlie augmented and continued (with manifold matters of singular note and worthie memorie) to the yeare 1586. by Iohn Hooker aliàs Vowell Gent and others.
Henrie the first, yoongest sonne to William the Conquerour. (Book Henry I)

Word of the Day: JOLLIMENT

ETYMOLOGY
irregular from jolly (adj.) + -ment

EXAMPLE
“… And therein sate a Ladie fresh and faire,
Making sweet solace to her selfe alone;
Sometimes she sung, as loud as larke in aire,
Sometimes she laught, that nigh her breth was gone,
Yet was there not with her else any one,
That might to her moue cause of meriment:
Matter of merth enough, though there were none
She could deuise, and thousand waies inuent,
To feede her foolish humour, and vaine iolliment. …”

From: The Faerie Queene
By Edmund Spenser, 1590

Word of the Day: MANQUELL

ETYMOLOGY
back formation from manqueller (a murderer), from man + queller (a person or thing who subdues someone or something)

EXAMPLE
“… At which wordes kyng Edward sayd nothyng, but with his hād thrust hym from hym (or as some say, stroke him with his gauntlet) whom incontinent, they that stode about, whiche were George duke of Clarence Rychard duke of Gloucester, Thomas Marques Dorset, and Williā lord Hastynges, sodaynly murthered, & pitiously manquelled. The bit ternesse of which murder, some of the actors, after in their latter dayes tested and assayed by the very rod of Iustice and punishment of God. …”

From: The vnion of the two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre [and] Yorke
By Edward Hall, 1548

Word of the Day: LIP-FAVOUR

ETYMOLOGY
from lip + favour

EXAMPLE
“… As soon as she had sealed up her letter, she brooked no delay but sent it straight by one of
her waiting-women to Lutesio, whom she found sitting alone in his chamber reading
upon a book. Interrupting his study, she delivered him the letter and the message of her
lady. Lutesio, kind, gave the gentlewoman a kiss, for he thought she valued a lip-favour
more than a piece of gold, and with great courtesy gave her leave to depart. She was
scarce out of the chamber but he opened the letter and found what he expected, the
resolution of a chaste countess, too worthy of so jealous a husband. …”

From: Philomela
The Lady Fitzwater’s Nightingale
By Robert Greene, 1592

Word of the Day: AIDANCE

ETYMOLOGY
from Middle French aidance, from aider (aid) + -ance

EXAMPLE
“… All swolne with chafing, downe Adonis sits,
Banning his boystrous, and vnruly beast;
And now the happie season once more fits
That louesicke loue, by pleading may be blest:
For louers say, the heart hath treble wrong,
When it is bard the aydance of the tongue. …”

From: Venus and Adonis
By William Shakespeare, 1593

Word of the Day: NUMBROUS

ETYMOLOGY
from number (n.) + -ous

EXAMPLE
“… She sawe, she sawe the prophane route,
rushe in, without all measure:
Unto thy sacred holy house,
that route, whiche thou (O Lorde)
Forboddste, that they, ne shoulde come in,
the mansion of thy worde.
Her numbrous folke (a syghyng flocke)
and seekyng after foode,
Dyd geue for meate, what so they had,
thynges precious or good.
To cheryshe theyr so needie sowles. …”

From: A Medicinable Morall, that is, the two bookes of Horace his satyres,
Translated by T. Drant, 1566